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''Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason'' ((フランス語:Folie et Déraison: Histoire de la folie à l'âge classique)) is a 1964 abridged edition of a 1961 book by French philosopher Michel Foucault. An English translation of the complete 1961 edition, entitled ''History of Madness,'' was published in June 2006. Foucault's first major book, ''Madness and Civilization'' is an examination of the evolving meaning of madness in European culture, law, politics, philosophy and medicine from the Middle Ages to the end of the eighteenth century, and a critique of historical method and the idea of history. It marks a turning in Foucault's thought away from phenomenology toward structuralism: though he uses the language of phenomenology to describe an evolving experience of "the other" as mad, he attributes this evolution to the influence of specific powerful social structures. ==Backgound== The book developed out of Foucault's earlier writing on psychology,〔 *''a licence de psychologie'' (1949) *''a diplome de psycho-pathologie'' (1952)〕 his own psychological difficulties, and his experiences working in a mental hospital, and was written mainly between 1955 and 1959 while working in cultural-diplomatic and educational posts in Sweden (as director of a French cultural centre attached to the University of Uppsala),〔Macey, David (2004). ''Michel Foucault''. Reaktion Books. p. 46. ISBN 978-1-86189-226-3〕 Germany, and Poland.〔Gutting, Gary, ("Michel Foucault" ), ''The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy'' (Summer 2013 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.)〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Madness and Civilization」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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